TOXICOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA LEAF EXTRACTS ON THE COTTON LEAF WORM, SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (BOIS).

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 post Graduate, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Environmental Research, Ain Shams University ,

2 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University.

3 Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

4 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University

Abstract

In a trial to explore new alternatives to chemical insecticides whose negative side effects on humans and the environment are a serious concern, natural alternatives are being addressed to discover new, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly compounds. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and biochemical effects of Calotropis procera solvent leaf extracts (acetone, ethanol and hexane) against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The acetone extract was more toxic than ethanol and hexane extracts in both the 2nd and 4th instar larvae with LC50 values:  5.733, 7.96 and 11.18% for 2nd instar larvae and 7.507, 8.44 and 11.827% for 4th instar larvae, respectively after 48h. of feeding on treated leaves, it was observed that 2nd instar larvae were more sensitive than 4th instar larvae for all extracts. The biochemical effects on S. littoralis 2nd and 4th instar larvae were determined using the LC50 of each extract. All extracts exhibited decreasing activities for all determined enzymes: Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Acetylcholineesterase (AChE), Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) and total protein in both 2nd and 4th instar larvae. The results showed that the overall effects of C. procera leaf extracts on some biochemical components in S. littoralis larvae can facilitate the development of natural products as insecticides that can be employed in integrated pest management strategies.
Keywords: Calotropis procera, Spodoptera littoralis, toxicity, enzyme activities and integrated pest management.

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Journal of Environmental Science
Volume 52, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
Part4: Environmental Basic Sciences
May 2023
Pages 1-27

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