THE IMPACT OF SUPPORTING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES RELATED TO THE DATES INDUSTRY IN SIWA OASIS AND IT’S EFFECTS ON IMPROVING UNEMPLOYMENT AND NATIONAL INCOME

Small and medium enterprises are considered one of the most important means of increasing income and reducing unemployment. Therefore, the state has been interested in planting fruitful palms, which lead to increased productivity, sufficiency of the local market and the export of the surplus.
The importance of these projects (small and medium) is highlighted in increasing production capacity and contributing to the treatment of poverty and unemployment. Therefore, the state paid clear attention to these projects, and provided them with help and assistance through easy loans.
Date palm cultivation and date production are among the most important agricultural products in the desert because they are spread over an area that exceeds half of the agricultural area that can be exploited in the desert. In the past, palm trees and their orchards played an important and fundamental role in the existence of oases that highlight their superior importance for palm cultivation in all regions. Suitable for agriculture where ground water is available.
 
The research aims to study support for small enterprises to improve unemployment and national income, the researcher used the theoretical inductive approach and mathematical analysis where she studied the relationships between cultivated areas and productivity and its relationship to unemployment and national income, after referring to the sources of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and the Mobilization and Statistics Authority during the period (2004-2018).
The results showed the following:
The stability of the productivity of the feddan and the palm in the first two years (2004-2018), then it began to decrease until (2007), and then there was a relative stability until (2014) due to the repercussions of the events of January (2011) and the subsequent lack of capital invested, and from (2015-2018) There has been a huge boom in the productivity of the feddan and the productivity of the palm tree - as a result of this, unemployment rates have decreased compared to (2004), reaching (10.3), and it continued to fluctuate until it reached its lowest rate in the year (2018), reaching (9.9).
Main recommendations:
Work to encourage and modernize the processes of processing and packing dates, and attention by studying how to get rid of pests, insects and diseases that afflict palms, and researching the best methods to treat it technically and economically, Development and purification of irrigation and drainage networks .