A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO ORGANIZATIONAL LOYALTY AND JOB PERFORMANCE AMONG THE WORKERS IN MANAGEMENT AND FIELDS IN ONE OF PETROLEUM COMPANIES - FIELD STUDY

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between work environmental stresses, organizational loyalty and job performance in one of the petroleum companies in the light of some demographic variables such as (gender, age, experience, and work place).
The study used the comparative correlative descriptive approach to achieve its objectives, and a random sample of 760 workers was selected. The data were collected through a set of tools: personal and functional data form for the sample members, the Professional Stresses Scale (work stresses) by Beverly Potter, the Organizational Loyalty Scale by Allen & Mayer, and the Job Performance Scale (by the researcher). The study also used two theories: the theory of cognitive appreciation for Lazarus, and Hans; Sealy's theory, as explanatory theories of working pressures.
The results of the study were: a significant correlation between the work stresses of the employees of the Petroleum Company and job performance, the existence of a significant correlation between work stresses and organizational loyalty. There are significant differences in the work stresses among workers according to gender variable. There are no significant differences in work stresses among employees according to the variables (age - duration of experience). There are no significant differences in the work stresses between the employees according to the different regions and locations where they work. There is no significant effect for the demographic factors in terms of (type - age - duration of experience) on the performance of the employees, and there is no significant impact for the demographic factors in terms of (type - age - duration of experience) on the organizational loyalty of employees in the Petroleum Company.
The study came out with a set of recommendations, foremost among which was the recommendation to establish "psychological departments" in the oil sites as the workers need psychological counseling and psychological discharge due to their distance from their families and their occurrence under a high degree of psychological stresses and sudden danger in the desert and remote places. The establishment of a central "psychological departments" in Cairo related to senior management, to help them make decisions that take into consideration the dimension and psychological factor of the employees, and make training courses and guidance programs. The study also recommended the need to activate performance evaluation programs and linking wages and bonuses to the burden of work and outstanding performance. And provide all elements of protection and safety for workers of occupational hazards of any nature. Focus on human relations, support and encourage friendly relations among individuals within the company. In addition to, holding ongoing meetings between management, employees, presidents and subordinates, in order to be able to know the imbalances, stresses and problems facing the employees of the company and deal with them.