THE IMPACT OF THE USE OF TRANSPORTATION MEANS FOR STRATEGIC GOODS BETWEEN CITIES IN EGYPT ON THE FUEL CONSUMPTION RATE AND EMISSIONS AMOUNT

Growth of the states, standard of living, and prosperity depends mainly on the performance of the available infrastructure.
Transportation sector is an essential element of the infrastructure, where this sector contributes to support the economic and social development.
Upgrade of transport services leads to reducing transportation cost, enhancing operational performance, and facilitating passenger and goods movement that has a positive impact on the national economy.
From an environmental point of view continuous increase in using transport means leads to an increase in energy consumption and polluted emissions.
This research discusses the share of intercity goods transport between the three modes of transport (roadways – railways – inland waterways).
Where it is noticed the share of road sector is rapidly increasing, while the share of each of railway, and inland waterway sector is deteriorating, although there are many relatively competiveness advantages of these two sectors, particularly fuel consumption which is one of the same time the polluted emissions of trucks is high.
These have direct effects on operating cost, and sustainable sources of energy, and consequently the national economy in general to guarantee the continuous work of state activities (industry – agriculture – housing). Therefore, the focus of this research is to provide an analysis on the division of cargo movement on inland modes of transport to assess the environmental harm and operational efficiency of such movement. This is done through establishing a model to compute the change of transported volume between the three transport modes (Road - Rail – Inland waterway) based on the both the available transport supply provided by transport by transport service providers and transport demand of transport service users.
The findings of the research provided that there is still a heavy dependence on road transport which requires 270.502 mega jewels of energy for the transport of on ton*km of cargo in comparison to 154.731 for rail and 106.497 for river transport. In terms of total CO2 emissions and greenhouse gases it was concluded that road produces 0.20 ton CO2 for each ton*km traveled in comparison to 0.011 for rail and 0.008 for river transport. Accordingly the main recommendations of the study focus on shifting the focus of transport from road to rail and river transport which are found to require less energy and produce