ECONOMIC STUDY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION DETERMINANTS IN MATROUH PROVINCE

Agricultural development in Egypt depends on two main axes, the first is the vertical agricultural expansion as a necessity necessitated by the development conditions, by increasing the productivity of the unit of land, i.e. by increasing the efficiency of the use of production elements. Institute of National Planning, p. 171, 2003), and the study’s procedures depend on descriptive economic analysis methods (descriptive approach), using some statistical methods such as time trend and rate of change, and multiple regression equations to determine the most important factors affecting wheat production using Panel Data models. The function of the production of the most important wheat, the estimation of the supply response model for the area of ​​wheat in the Hammam Center, the secondary data collection tool from the published and unpublished statistical data issued by government agencies and institutions, including: the Information and Decision Support Center in Matrouh Governorate, the data of the Directorate of Agriculture in Matrouh and the bulletins of the Economic Affairs Sector in the Ministry of Agriculture, The primary data collection tool was obtained from the field research sample by using Passing by a questionnaire collecting preliminary data from wheat growers in Al-Hamam Center in Matrouh Governorate, where the results of the equations of the evolution of the time indicated that the area of ​​wheat in Matrouh Governorate took a general decreasing trend, estimated at 2,897.16 acres, and that wheat productivity took a general increasing trend, estimated at about 0.66 ardebs, and that wheat production It took a general decreasing trend estimated at about 12634.9 ardeb annually. It is worth noting that most of the wheat production is under rain-irrigated conditions. The results of the statistical assessment of the determinants of wheat production using the Panel Data model indicate that the most important determinants believed to have an impact on wheat production are the productivity of the wheat crop, and the number of Holdings, the number of agricultural machines and the amount of rain, and the response of the width of the cultivated area of ​​wheat in the current year to the change in some variables in the previous year was estimated, and the production functions were estimated, and from it it became clear that there is a relationship between the quantity of production of the wheat crop and the inputs (productive elements in the function), The efficiency of wheat production was measured, as it was found that the average ratio of revenue to costs per acre was about 227.2%, and the average ratio of net agricultural return per acre to the total costs The average percentage of the average net income per acre was about 96.6%, and the index for the net return of an acre amounted to about 91.2%, and the average ratio of the average net return from income to an acre was about 56%, and the most important recommendations mentioned were the horizontal expansion and that Increasing its area by expanding its cultivation in new lands, and vertical expansion by increasing the productivity of an acre of wheat by developing good varieties that withstand the climatic conditions in the region and have high productivity.