2024-03-28T11:02:22Z
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5019
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
DETERMINATION OF SOME CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN THE EFFLUENTS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Khalil, M.
M
Abdel Razek,
T. M
Tawfik, E
. M
Widespread occurrence of pharmaceuticals has started to attract attention as aquatic micropollutants that might have been affecting the ecological system in trace amounts. The risks associated with their introduction into wildlife habitats is becoming an important issue for both regulators and the pharmaceutical industry, because of incomplete elimination of pharmaceuticals wastewater and their metabolites. In this work monitoring of some pharmaceutical residues in industrial wastewater such as (caffeine, paracetamol, dexamethasone and naproxen) was carried out. The identification and quantification of chemical and pharmaceutical residues was investigated using GC/MS spectrometer and liquid chromatography-based tandem mass spectrometry LC/MS/MS spectrometer with electrospray ionization (ESI) .The study recorded the presence of different types of pharmaceutical residues with different concentration levels in wastewater .The concentration level of dexamethasone in wastewater were detected at 254 ng/ml, for paracetamol at 7325 ng/ml , for caffeine at 9356 ng/ml and for naproxen at 2 ng/ml . These concentrations representing about 500 fold higher than international safety margin of treated wastewater.
Pharmaceuticals
Micropollutants
Monitoring and wastewater
2016
09
01
1
21
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28029_30a41fa602a01496f93d295e61f054f5.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
NOISE LEVELS AND MITIGATIONS AT HURGHADA AIRPORT AND IT'S SURROUNDING
El Malky M
. G
El Bardisi, M.
M
Khallaaf, Eman,
K
Aviation is a part of worldwide environmental problems. Airports face several environmental constraints including noise, local air quality, water quality, waste management systems.
Aircraft noise is the most significant environmental problem arising from arriving and departing of aircrafts. Therefore, airport related noise as an important issue that affects the passengers and the surrounding communities and nearby residential areas
Hurghada airport is one of the key drivers of the economic growth of Egyptian Airport Company (EAC). Over seven million passengers travelled through Hurghada airport every year. The expected increase in 2030 is twelve million. It is generally accepted that significant improvements to the environmental impacts of aircraft noise will be needed if the long-term growth of air transport is to be sustained.
The main goal of this study is the reduction of noise levels and it's mitigations at Hurghada airport and surrounding area; to manage negative impacts of noise to make the right balance with positive economic and social benefits of the airports.
Reduction of noise levels can be achieved through effective implementation of noise abatement procedures. This reduction in noise levels reduces noise footprint towards sustainable development.
Noise levels
airport
noise abatement procedures
2016
09
01
23
47
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28030_1e18f72d5180299813e1fab3c33df159.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
LEVELS OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE AND PYRETHROID RESIDUES IN SOME EGYPTIAN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES AND THEIR DIETARY EXPOSURE
El Sawi,
Emtithal, A
Ayoub, M
. M
Mohammed,
A. S
A total of 230 samples of four most public consumed fruits and vegetables, were collected from two wholesale Egyptian markets during 2015. The collected samples were subjected to analysis for 51 pesticide residues of organophosphates (OP’s) and pyrethroids (PY’s) groups. The standard method (QuEChERS) was followed to the analysis of samples applying LC-MS/MS determination. The obtained data showed that, 17.4% of samples had no detectable residues. Whereas, 82.6% had detectable pesticide residues of which 18.3% contaminated with levels above the MRL's and 64.3% (148 samples) had residues below the permissible limits. The highest contamination percentages were observed in grape followed by pepper, apple and tomato with percentages of 90%, 88.3%, 81.7% and 71.7% respectively of which 18%, 23.33%, 23.3% and 8.3% exceeded the permissible MRL's. The most frequent (OP’s) and (PY’s) are chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, lambda cyhalothrin and diazinon.
Risk assessment was evaluated via calculation of chronic and cumulative exposure for total of 17 residues of (OP’s) and (PY’s). The results indicated that no chronic health risk associated with consumption of studied commodities. The cumulative exposure values of (OP’s) pesticides was below 1 (0.059 for adults) in fruit samples and (0.108 for adults) in vegetable samples. Also, cumulative exposure values of (PY’s) pesticides were below 1 (0.012 for adults) in fruit samples and (0.017 for adults) in vegetable samples, indicateing no hazard to consumers due to presence of OP’s and PY’s residues in Egyptian fruits and vegetables.
Pesticide Residues
Fruits
vegetables
Egypt
EDI (estimated daily intake)
Cumulative risk assessment. Abbreviations: OP (organophosphorus)
PY (pyrethroids)
EADI (estimated acceptable daily intake)
ADI (acceptable daily intake)
2016
09
01
49
73
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28032_5fe0dbcad49b7570ff906c0497be8ace.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER DISCHARGED FROM SAUSAGE CASING INDUSTRY
Abdel Razek,
T. M
El Gendy,
A. Sh
Abdel Hameed
M. A
This study focused on effluents wastewater treatment from sausage preparation using physical and chemical treatment by coagulation and flocculation processes. Choice of a suitable coagulant for maximum contaminant removal and reduction in costs is the most important factor. The feasibility of using aluminum sulfate, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and ferric chloride in sausage wastewater treatment has been investigated. Removal of water pollutants discharged from industrial sausage wastewater is required to comply with the environmental standards. The study was conducted using poly aluminum chloride dosage (40-140mg/l), ferric chloride dosage (40- 140mg/l) and alum dosage (100 - 600 mg/l) individually. The efficiency of COD, BOD, TSS, Oil and Grease and TKN removal recorded (98%), (97%), (97%), (95%), (97%) respectively using a dose 140 mg/l of PAC. While using a dose 140 mg/l of ferric chloride recorded (96%), (93.5%), (95.5%), (89.4%), (95.4%), respectively and using a dose 600 mg/l of alum recorded (95.6%),(94.3%), (96.5%), (92%), (95%), respectively.
flocculation
Coagulation
chemical treatment
Sausage preparation wastewater
2016
09
01
75
87
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28035_7083e78c72839242194c8b8571e2925b.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
MONITORING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES OF MARIOUT LAKE DURING THE LAST FOUR DECADES USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES
Donia,
Noha, S
El Kafrawy,
S. B
Mohamed
, Amany, M
The Mariout Lake is one of the most severely impacted water bodies in the Nile Delta. Multidates satellite images have been used in this study to detect the trends of environmental changes in Mariout Lake, particularly for the main two lake ecosystems; water, and aquatic vegetation during the past four decades from 1972 to 2016. A combination of LandSat-1(MSS), LandSat-5 (TM), LandSat-7 (ETM+), SPOT-1, SPOT-4, SPOT-5, RapidEye, and Sentinel-2 Satellite data was used to analyze temporal changes in the Lake ecosystem. Different image processing techniques were undertaken that performed with the ERDAS Imagine (2013) and ARCGIS (10.2.2) software such as; atmospheric correction, geometric correction, on-screen digitizing to delineate the lake boundary, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to quantify the change in the water body area of the Lake, and change detection to ascertain the changes in water and aquatic vegetation features during last four decades interval. The results of analysis indicated that Lake lost 11.19 km2 of its overall size; NDWI indicated that change in aquatic vegetation for all basins increased by 27.68 km2, and the changes in water for all basins decreased by 38.67 km2. The change detection results showed changed area that converted into aquatic vegetation, unchanged area that still water, and lost area that no longer exists. These results that due to different anthropogenic activities such as drying and reclaiming some areas that have dangerous impacts on its quality and a subsequent deterioration in its ecological parameters.
Atmospheric correction
NDWI
Change Detection
2016
09
01
89
108
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28037_558407463779f87323a7c2fec4406063.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
EFFECT 0F LONG-TERMAPPICATION OF ANHYDROUS AMMONIA PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL AND NEMATODE
El-Kassas,
H. I
Darwish, D.
S
Ramadan,
E
Abdel Wahab,
Amal, A
This study was carried out investigate the effect of long – term treatments with anhydrous ammonia on physicochemical properties of soil and soil micro flora. Soil samples were collected from different localities at fayom governorate. Results revealed that two soil texture were recorded being sandy clay soil for Hossam farms site and sandy clay loam soil for both of Rahil and Tamialocations .Soil of highest Rahil and Tamialocaties gave the values of EC . All tested soil collected from different localities were slightly alkaline . High percentage of Organic matter was detected at depth 15 -30 Cm of all sites treated with ammonia. The highest Sodium percentage was noticed at Tamia site. The highest amount of N and K was recorded in soil collected form HossamNassar (10 years long –term ). The Total microbial count was recorded at the second depth (15 -30 Cm) than that observed at the first one. Total fungal counts recorded the highest values in soil Rahiland Tamia treated with ammonia - Asymbiaticaerbic nitrogen fixers showed high percentage at soil treated with urea . Clear retardation of harmful Nematodes was recorded in soil treated with ammonia at different sites and at different depths.
Key Words: Anhydrous Ammonia, Physical and Chemical porpertes of soil , Micro flora, Nematodes.
2016
09
01
109
134
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28038_21619cee6864d79dd3c7922601638bd8.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE IN VITRO EVALUTION OF CYMBOPOGEN CITRATUS (LEMONGRASS) ESSENTIAL OIL AS POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT IN POULOTRY PRODUCTS
El-Nawawy,
M
Ragab,
M
El-Adawy,
B. A
This study was carried out to investigate the potential of using essential oil extract of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as natural antibacterial agent at three different concentrations (100, 200 and 500 X103ppm) against 60 human isolates from diarrheal and septicemic cases in addition to 7 ATCC (American Type of Culture Collection) strains belonging to 3 different species of Gram negative bacteria including Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Campylobacter spp and one Gram positive bacteria which is Staph. aureus. The screening was performed by standard disc diffusion method.
Essential oil extract of lemongrass exhibited maximum activity against C. jejuni with 30.62 mm, Staph. aureus with 11.91 mm, Shigella spp with 11.73 mm and Salmonella spp with 9.41 mm mean diameter of zone of inhibition at the lowest used concentration, 100x103 ppm of the essential oil.
Accordingly, lemongrass essential oil extract was found to be effectively inhibiting both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and can be a good source of antibacterial agents for possible infections in poultry products.
Lemongrass
antibacterial agents
Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter
2016
09
01
135
142
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28039_e673f0d69ec72a833b13015f3fc3ac06.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
BEHAVIOR OF NEMATHORIN NEMATODES IN SOIL PLANTS WITH PEACH TREES AND TOMATO PLANTS INFECTED WITH NEMATODES
Weshahy,
K. M
Mahgoob, A
. E
Nasr, I.
N
El-Sahregy,
Fatma, A
Seven genera plant–parasitic nematodes, i.e. Criconemella sp., Ditylenchus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp, Rotylenchulus spp. and Tylenchorhynchus were recorded in the rihzospher in tomato plants. Such genera differed greatly in their prevalence and levels of abundance. The genera of Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus sp. and, Meloidogyne spp. were dominant. The genera Tylenchorhynchus sp., Rotylenchulus spp., Criconemella sp. and Ditylenchus spp. were the second most important genera. On the other hand, the genera of Meloidogyne spp. and Tylenchorhynchus sp. were the most frequently occurred. Regarding Peach orchards, there were nine genera plant–parasitic nematode, i.e. Criconemella sp., Ditylenchus spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Hemicriconemoides sp. Heterodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., Rotylenchulus spp. and Tylenchorhynchus spp. The genera Helicotylenchus spp. and Hemicriconemoides sp. were dominant. Genera, however Pratylenchus spp .and Meloidogyne spp. were the most frequently occurred. The environmental behavior of the nematicide residues, fothiazate in sandy loam soils in peach orchards and tomatoe plants were investigated under field conditions. In relation to the degradation pattern in the selected soils, the obtained results indicated that the nematicide residues were dissipated more rapidly in the soil planted with tomatoes compared with peach orchard soils. The calculated half-life periods (t1/2) were 3.7 and 7.4 days for fosthiazate in soil planted with tomatoes and trees of peach.
Behavior- Nemathorin-Nematodes-soil-Peach Trees-Tomato Plants
2016
09
01
143
155
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28040_09794d4dc52e645b95ad7e7c69a4ca9f.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
LEVELS AND CONGENER PROFILES OF DIOXINS, FURANS AND DIOXIN-LIKE PCBS IN CERTAIN EGYPTIAN COW’S MILK FARMS
El-Nawawy,
M
Amer,
M. E
Abdel Mootaal,
M. R
Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin like-PCBs (dl-PCBs) were determined in thirty five pooled raw cow milk and fifty nine animal feedstuffs samples including silage, hay, cereals and other farinaceous feed, premixes and mixed feeds were consequently collected from different regions of Egypt farms [Qaliubiya, Banha, Sharkia, Monoufia, Damietta, Kafr El-Sheikh, Gharbiya, Ismailia, Port Said, Noubaria (Beheira), Fayoum and Beni Suef]. The method performance used was assessed through successfully participation in specific interlaboratory studies (food and feed) organized by European Union Reference Laboratory for Dioxins and PCBs in Food and Feed. The obtained results showed that PCDD/Fs concentrations in cow milk ranged between 1.19 and 12.48 pg WHO TEQ g-1 fat weight (FW) and in animal feed ranged between 0.08 and 1.43 pg WHO TEQ g-1 dry matter (DM), however dl-PCBs concentrations in cow milk ranged between 0.14 and 3.7 pg WHO TEQ g-1 (FW) and animal feed ranged between 0.01 and 0.38 pg WHO-TEQ g-1 (DM). The mean concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs was 0.32 pg TEQ g-1 dry matter (DM) for animal feed, this level proved to be below the maximum (EU) limits (0.75 pg WHO TEQ g-1 DM). While the level of 3.9 pg TEQ g-1 (FW) for cow milk proved to be higher than the acceptable European (EU) standards limits for milk (3 pg WHO TEQ g-1 FW). However the mean concentration of dl-PCBs was 0.05 pg TEQ g-1 (DM) for animal feed which was below the maximum (EU) limits for feed (0.5 pg WHO TEQ g-1 DM). The obtained dl-PCBs level of 0.98 pg TEQ g-1 (FW) for cow milk was below the acceptable EU standards limits for milk (3 pg WHO TEQ g-1 FW). These finding showed that animal feed have often been reported as the major source to the PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs intake into the cow milk chain, which characterized in parallel by the total TEQ (dioxin and dl-PCBs). Data revealed that the sum of furan (TEQ) was the predominant group with contribution by 49.96 and 42.51%; followed by the sum of dioxin (TEQ) with contribution by 29.66 and 44.46%; followed by the sum of non-ortho PCBs (TEQ) with contribution by 18.1 and 11.48% and then the sum of mono-ortho PCBs (TEQ) with contribution by 2.27 and 1.54% in cow milk and animal feed, respectively. Finally, the present results indicated that the general exposure of the population in Egypt to the main highest persistent organic pollutants was carried through cow milk and animal feedstuffs intake.
Dioxins
dioxin like-PCBs
Egypt
raw cow milk
animal feedstuffs and World Health Organization (WHO)
2016
09
01
157
177
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28041_70a344c6f4ffafbc0a9e86e99b349e4c.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
SUGGESTED PROTOTYPE FOR AN ECOLOGICAL HOUSING MATCHED SINAI LOCAL COMMUNITY NEEDS MOSSES POOL - TUR SINAI
Ebeid,
Magda, E
Hassanen,
M. M
Farid, M
. W
Experiencing housing in Sinai Bedouin settlement areas and in particular for example Moses bath area Sinai from multiple problems and perhaps one of the most important problems facing desert development planners and especially in Sinai sense of alienation among the beneficiary population of those houses as a result from the use of local building materials, and the incompatibility of Central Government designs with the Sinai local community privacy requirements and cultural heritage of the local people of nomadic origins. That's why the idea of ecological dwelling building achieves environmental requirements Sinai may help to provide adequate housing for Bedouins in the Sinai and the synagogues as well as ecological housing for Sinai becomes a strong contender in the exploitation of the environment and its vocabulary in architectural design contributes to save energy wasted in the construction materials industry as well as in transport, as the different architectural and urban features Sinai, as well as the environment Sinai impose conditions on housing design and chitchat in the research design using raw Sinai environment. Where we turn the importance of housing and Bedouin need to provide basic requirements when you design, with a focus on the importance of using local and environmental resources that provide the needs of this community. Search and review new experience in providing housing fulfills the requirements of Bedouin make modern technology in saving and rationalizing energy inside the apartment building.
Sinai
Bedouin
Ecological
2016
09
01
179
194
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28044_16d899e02f4d68b296820261ea48807f.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL REASONS AND CONSEQUENCES ASSOCIATED WITH SOME STUDENTS RIOT OF AL-AZHAR UNIVERSITY - A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THE RESIDENT STATUS STUDENTS
Ahmed,
H. A
Al-Gazar,
O. I
Ibrahim,
Reem, A
Mohamed,
A. S
The current study drives at exploring the social and physical reasons and consequences associated with students' riot of Al-Azhar university، comparing as well the university students (as an example of non-resident status students) to resident status students of Al-Azhar university. The study sample consists of (400) regular enrolled students for the academic year (2015/2016). It is divided equally into (200) resident status students and (200) non-resident students.
The study uses the descriptive (qualitative) method using the social survey of random sample. The study is also an analytical case study as a tool for collecting data from research population, using also in-depth interviews. the study tools are reflected in: questionnaire form, observation and personal interviews. The researcher counts on some statistical approaches such as: T.Test, frequencies, percentages، and coefficient correlations.
The study extracts several results as follows: there are significant statistical differences between students' points of view (study sample) regarding social and physical reasons and consequences for riot caused by academic delay and parents' maltreatment. Resident status students think that riot is the low-level of education and maltreatment of those in charge of the Resident Status of the university. In addition, the injustice of some of the teaching staff members and professors in correcting students' answer papers, their low scores in exams they don't deserve after exerting lots of efforts in their educational subjects as they perceive it. All these reasons gathered to create violence or riot in the ancient Azhari university.
The study show that there are several consequences resulted in riot has occurred in the university, including change of society's point of view to students and graduates of Al-Azhar university and change of treatment of those in charge of of the university and the teaching staff members and workers to the worst. Security men also play a critical role in their exaggerated strictness with students during going in and out from the university campus which make them feel aggrieved and oppressed.
The study recommends holding meetings and discourses between those in charge of the university and members of the teaching staff for alleviating severity of these reasons have caused riot and their consequences.
2016
09
01
195
217
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28046_234633a8ae7e6189d2b3675cb989c89e.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
STUDY PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF UNKNOWN PARENTAGE SHELTERED INSTITUTIONS
Shafik,
G.A
Abdel
Latif, R
Hany,
A. F
Ali,
A. M
This current research drives at identifying the nature of resources of psychological stress, and finding out the relationship between economical, social, personal and psychological stress in those adolescents with unknown parents in residential facilities.
The research sample consists of (30) unknown parentage adolescents residents in Rescuing Childhood Institution, aged from (14-17 yrs. olds). The study uses a primary data collection form designed by the researcher, Scale of Illegitimate Children Psychological Stress in Residential Facilities (by researchers), and an Open Questionnaire (by researchers).
Results indicate a positive correlation exists between economic stress and psychological stress among the unknown parentage adolescents in sheltering institutions. There is also a positive correlation between social stress and psychological stress and a positive correlation between personal and psychological stress among illegitimate adolescents lodged in residential facilities.
2016
09
01
219
245
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28047_9369a3b057b6f3c617f7103ecd68a707.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE RELATIONSHIP OF YOUTH POWER - FIELD STUDY COMPARED A SAMPLE OF FAYOUM UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Shafiq,
G. A
Awad,
M. I
Abu Bakr,
A. M
This study seeks to identify the psychological variables (such as the impact of the type of accommodation on the mood of the students within the university - the impact of the type of authority within the family on the mood while dealing with the family - the effect of the positive relationship with members of the faculty to increase the academic achievement level -totar participate in university activities works to improve the mood)، environmental (such as university - the family - NGOs) that affect the university youth with respect to their relationship to power. It aims to identify the determining psychological variables (such as the impact of the type of accommodation on the mood of the students within the university - the impact of the type of authority within the family on the mood while dealing with the family - the effect of the positive relationship with members of the faculty to increase the academic achievement level -totar participate in activities the university is working to improve the mood)، environmental (such as university - the family - NGOs) facing young people associated with this relationship and how to consolidate and work on the reference to the most important obstacles that must be addressed in support of the positive relationship between the youth and power، especially university students with respect to their relationship to power with an attempt to number of the recommendations in the search to deal with the psychological and environmental variables faced by university students during this age period has been used to study the descriptive analytical method and use the survey as a tool for data collection tool was applied questionnaire to a random sample of 84 individual students from Fayoum University.
The study comes to several conclusions including: The need for the work programs and activities calling for young people to stick to the national loyalty and moral values. Educate young people about the importance of adhering to the religious and social values that distinguish authentic Egyptian society from other other communities. Must preserve the cultural identity of the youth through providing them with various training experiences and the development of knowledge and the development of guidelines can be adhered to. The necessity of activating the role of the family in educating the individual and enrich their knowledge and culture for the right habits and away from the wrong habits and behaviors. Necessary to activate the role of parents in monitoring their children and discuss when you sit at home.
2016
09
01
247
274
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28048_d2d86e4be2471ba0eaa47453f6d08855.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
IMPACT OF ARABS' SETTLEMENT ON SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF EGYPTIAN VILLAGE - ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY ON ARAB ABO ZEKRI VILLAGE، MENOFIA GOVERNORATE
Awad,
M. I
Abdel Latif,
R. A
Harbi,
A. M
This study aims to identify the effects of settlement on the Egyptian village where the subject of settlement is one of the most serious issues affecting the Egyptian rural community، and the researcher chose a sample of 20 families of Arab origins who are existed in the village of Arab Abu Zekri, Qwessna district, Menofia as he made interviews with them based on interview schedule to identify the changes occurred in the social structure of the village under study and also the existed values and traditions.
The researcher used the structural and functional theory and the ecological system theory and he also used the anthropological approach.
The results have proved that there is a change has taken place in the social structure in the village under study. The agricultural land ownership and belonging to certain family are no longer the basis in determining the class position but and new determinates were adopted، the most important of which the financial wealth size in addition to the weakness of ties and relations linking the social structure due to preference of the personal interests and individual disputes to the interests of the community and family. The motives of migration and settlement manifested by the Arabs and the Palestinians in the village of Arab Abu Zekri are not only economic or social but they can be linked to psychological variables or other motives of same importance، and at the same time، the economic drivers occupy the first rank compared to the whole motives mentioned by the settlers، followed by the social motives. The politically drivers are one of basic motivations concerning the migration of some of them to the village and it was found that there is a change has occurred in the set of prevailing values adopted by those immigrants from the Arab tribes and the Palestinians and determining their behavior in the village as their new community, where it was clear that the economic values are prevailing, followed by the political values then the social values and finally the aesthetic ones.
2016
09
01
275
298
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28049_f3f6ab3c58093f92b9fdd5e8016daf6c.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE IMPACT OF THE APPLICATION OF A PROGRAM TO INCREASE THE RATES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN A SAMPLE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS
Ibrahim,
R. S
Mustafa,
Ilham
This study aimed to investigate the impact of the application of a program to increase the emotional intelligence of a sample of university youth rates, has been used to achieve this experimental approach, where the study sample consisted of two groups (experimental one and the other officer's (30) of (15) Single young people from the Assembly of the pyramid message, the club Sudan year into the sun, in each group, aged between (20:30) years, and to investigate the validity of the study hypotheses have been set up program and scale by the researcher used statistical methods Test Mann-Whitney test and Alecoqson.oukd study results to the effectiveness of increasing rates of program emotional intelligence for a sample of university students. where the results showed a statistically significant difference between the measurement tribal to measure emotional intelligence scores have the experimental group and the telemetric I have the same group in the direction Bada.olm measurement reveal the existence of Ahoudaiah differences between degrees of group differences officer tribal and Uday. the study recommends the development of a program to increase the rate of emotional intelligence within the educational system, the scientific research centers and those who made it guide researchers to pay attention to all areas affected by and affect in increasing emotional IQ.
2016
09
01
299
312
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28050_f6e33485bcb6905f074e466c7f03036e.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
TRAUMA FOR CHILDREN AT THE SEPARATION OF THE COUPLE POST-CRISIS TURMOIL
Awad,
M. I
Karam El-din,
Laila
Mohamed,
Eman, A.
This study is a descriptive analytical studies pattern, which aims to describe and analyze PTSD for children exposed to the crisis of the separation of the couple, this study is one of the descriptive studies that measure the relationship between two variables independent variable, a post-traumatic stress and the dependent variable disorder is the children exposed to the crisis of separation of the spouses.
The study relied on the pattern of ecological theory, the theory of the pressures of cognitive behavioral theory and the theory as a starting point the theory of the study. The study attempts to test the following hypotheses Health: no statistically significant differences in the psychological and social pressures between male and female children of the post-traumatic separation of the parents. No statistically significant differences in the consensual behavior between male and female children of the post-traumatic separation of the parents. No statistically significant differences in the social compatibility between male and female children to the events of the post-traumatic separation of the parents. There is an inverse relationship strong statistically significant between the psychological and social pressures and behavior harmonic of the children of the post-traumatic separation of the parents. There is an inverse relationship strong statistically significant between psychological stress and social and social compatibility of the children of the post-traumatic separation of the parents.
The study relied on the social survey sample of children disturbed curriculum beyond the shock of separation of the parents, the study identified the tools in the psychological and social pressures scale, harmonic behavior scale, social harmony scale, and consisted of the study sample in intentional sample of children who suffer from mental disorders beyond the separation of the parents of both sexes crisis and is estimated at (150) Single divided into (75) Single male, 75 single females.
The most important results of the study it confirmed the existence of a strong inverse relationship is statistically significant at the level of 0:05 moral behavioral compatibility between the psychological and social pressures. as well as the existence of a strong inverse relationship is statistically significant at the 0.05 level of significance between social consensus and psychological and social pressures.
2016
09
01
313
334
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28051_31625194057e6a2a062227fec4a1cc75.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE THERAPY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TREATMENT OF IMPROVEMENT IN CASES OF DRUGS ADDICTION
El-Atik,
A. M
Hany,
A. F
Abdel Fatah,
Rania, H
This study drives at identifying the problem of drugs addiction and use in the past and at present. This critical problem represents a crucial obstacle in front of governments that seek achieving development and make the targeted urban transformation. Consequently, this problem is considered a global phenomenon that occupies a great concern from organizations, authorities, and institutions that are established for the purpose of combating this phenomenon all over the world states. This problem is also considered and studied by media and decision-makers in all societies and countries. Since youth are the basic pillar of any state that create societies’ progress, it is noticed that several classes in Egyptian society are involved in addiction including Egyptian youth who try different kinds of drugs who has motivated researchers to examine the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral therapy to improve drug addiction cases since addiction is irregular behavioral pattern.
The researchers used the scientific method using a quasi-experimental style, and the study tools consisting of a treatment program of cognitive behavioral and scale adjustable CBT to cut off from the drug, the study sample consisted of 18 (the same experimental) from the drop-drug undergoing drug treatment and treatment program together, and also 18 (sample set) from the drop-drug undergoing drug treatment only, the application was in the psychological Medical Center on addiction at Ain Shams University and was the number of sessions 12 sessions by sitting every week and the duration of the session and a half hours and was the total duration of the program for three months.
Most important search results are: no statistically significant differences as a result of the application of cognitive behavioral program on a sample of addicts Almtoagafin before and after the application of the program for the benefit of a sample program.
2016
09
01
335
359
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28052_e7470982b57017ce68138e3399c943d8.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
NONFICTION COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL PROGRAM TO MODIFY THE WRONG ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS FOR CHILDREN - COMPARISON BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE
Shafiq,
J. A
Abdel
Moneim, A
Zidane,
Hanan, A
Metwally,
Rania, A
The study aims in its entirety to try to put a program of cognitive behavioral Nonfiction Amendment erroneous environmental behaviors for children in kindergarten age and try to eliminate them through: Identify the patterns of the wrong environmental behavior which the children in the kindergarten age tend to behave, the importance of the study is to provide a behavioral program to reduce environmental wrong behaviors for children in this early age, and This directs the counselors and psychologists to apply this program to all schools, which contributes to the reduction of these behaviors .This study also helps specialist psychology and sociology in directing and rehabilitation of the children appropriate and positive ways in dealing with the environment.
The study used a sample of 20 children in two groups (group A ten males), (group B ten females) in the age of (4-5), The study used a form of survey in the economic level and form of cultural, social of family(by the researcher). Erroneous environmental behaviors scale with pictures (by the researcher) Cybernetic behavioral program using stories to Amendment environmental behavior. ( by the researcher).The study used the Experimental method and semi experimental method and The comparative method because this methods are suitable to the study.
From the findings of the study: There are significant and obvious differences between the average scores of the sample in the pre and post measurement as an implement the program on the environmental behaviors scale for the dimensional application. There are significant and obvious differences between the average scores of the two groups(experimental sample and the mean sample)of the post scale for the environmental behaviors that was proven the benefits of the program. But there were no differences in the average scores of the mean group in the post scale of the environmental behaviors that was proven the benefits of the program. And there were no differences in the average scores in the pre and post scale of the mean group. Between statistical significance of differences do not exist, and environmental behaviors on the scale. Behaviors on the scale and the iterative post test two measurements in the experimental group students Male and female scores averages between statistical significance of differences do not exist.
2016
09
01
361
393
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28053_d076ac429aee9a2dd4481239e2bd4c5f.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
PSYCHOLOGICAL FLEXIBILITY AS AN INTRODUCTION TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY AT PATIENTS WITH CANCER
Shafik,
G
Abdel-Latif,
R
Zaied,
Sh
Mohamed,
Soha
This study aims to identify the nature of the mental flexibility to cancer patients affected by psychological pressures resulting from the disease and affect the behavior of the patient in the various aspects of his life, in order to adapt to patients with the disease. Which leads us to study how to improve the level of mental flexibility in cancer patients, the study of the psychological and social consequences of cancer treatment. To achieve this goal, the researcher hired a sample of the actual study of cancer tumors Aswan center totaling patients (140) patients, aged between 30 years and over 50 years. The researcher apply a treatment program that includes psychological flexibility measure them and the sample survey for three consecutive months. They selected 60 patients who received the lowest scores when answering vertebrae and dimensions of psychological flexibility used measure to represent the true and final study sample (experimental sample), then patients were divided into two groups, experimental group applied by the program and the number (30) patients and a control group of (30) patients, has addressed the data obtained by using the individual differences between the averages and test T and standard deviation:
There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the measurement pre and post experimental group to gauge the psychological flexibility.
There were no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the pre and post measurement of the control group to measure the psychological flexibility.
There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the experimental group and the control group on the scale of mental flexibility in posttest performance dimensions.
There were no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average of the experimental group on the psychological measure of flexibility in the post test and iterative program.
2016
09
01
395
413
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28054_011339105dcf0c60fcd6dec05c547e2a.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
LACK OF PRIVACY AND PERSONAL SPACE AND THEIR EFFECT OVER THE PERSONALITY TRAITS OF TEENAGE GIRLS - COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY
Karam El Din,
Laila
El-Brombaly,
H. H
Hany,
A. F
Lashien,
Mona, A
This study investigates the term "lack of privacy and personal space" for its influence on the personality traits of persons. This research aims at inquiring the existence of any correlation between the personality traits on one hand, and the lack of privacy and personal space on the other. In this regard, the research focused on teenage girls, in their third stage of adolescence, in two different environments.
The subjects of the research were: Egyptian teenage female students (N=35) and foreign teenage female students from East Asia countries to study at Al-Azhar university (N=35), both groups aged 18:20 and were assessed using A scale – measure – of privacy and personal space, a scale to analyze the physical environment (prepared by the researcher) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (translated into Arabic by Gabber Abdel-Hamyeed and Mohamed Fakhr Al-Islam). The place of the study: Cairo. The research adopted the comparative method.
2016
09
01
415
434
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28056_b839efaca544e5623bc3c1b514869ba7.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE EFFICACY OF LEARNING GENERATIVE STRATEGY FOR MODIFYING WRONG ENVIRONMENTAL CONCEPTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF SKILLS OF SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS IN ARABIC LANGUAGE CURRICULUM
Khaled,
A. Z
Zedan,
Hanan
Salama,
Rabab
This current study drives at measuring the effectiveness of using generative learning strategy in modifying wrong environmental concepts perceived by primary school pupils, developing as well their skill of solving environmental problems in Arabic language curriculum.
The researcher uses the experimental method in her study to be administered upon a sample consistent of (60) grade-three primary stage students in two schools in Al-Feshn Educational Directorate, Beni Swaif governorate; divided into two groups (the experimental & control). The researcher uses several instruments including the Achievement Test of Concepts, Scale of Solving Problems, Lecturer Guide containing curriculum. The two schools are selected purposely, while the sample is selected randomly. The researcher has used the pre-application of tools (The achievement test – scale of solving problems) on both groups (control-experimental) and the experimental group has been treated then a post-application is administered on both groups. For examining significance of differences between averages, a T.Test is used for two independent samples accompanied by a statistical treatment of SPSS program.
Study results come as follows: There are significant statistical differences between average scores of students in achievement at significance level (0.01), in favor of the post-measurement, and for calculating the impact size, the researcher counts on Eita-square. There are significant statistical differences between average scores of students in solving problems at significance level (0.01), in favor of the post-measurement, and the impact size on Eita-square has been (0.64) expressing a critical impact. There are significant statistical differences at significance level (0.01) between average scores of students in achievement, in favor of the experimental group, and the impact size on Eita-square has been (0.62) expressing a critical impact and proving validity and approval of the third hypothesis. There are significant statistical differences at significance level (0.01) between average scores of students in solving problems, in favor of the experimental group, and the impact size on Eita-square has been (0.52) expressing a critical impact and proving validity and approval of the fourth hypothesis.
For the previously mentioned and in light of these results, the researcher recommends the following: Holding training courses for teachers using strategy of generative learning. She also recommends using various divergent teaching methods for teaching environmental concepts. She also recommends employing the generative learning to be used in teaching various grades, educational stages, and various academic subjects. Researcher is also recommending the use of the generative learning as a strategy for changing concepts and developing skills of solving problems.
2016
09
01
435
451
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28058_114b68a6364e47262c4f4f860045aa0e.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING VIRTUAL STUDIO IN DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND SKILLS AMONG MIDDLE STAGE STUDENTS IN KUWAIT STATE
Abdel Meseh,
S. A
El-Mineefi,
G. M
Malek,
T. A
The research aims to development of environmental awareness and environmental skills among middle school students in Kuwait through the proposed program included some urgent issues and problems in the State of Kuwait, and prepare a list of issues and environmental problems, namely through the literature and previous research and studies and experts and specialists: issues and problems of environmental pollution (air, water), the issue of maintaining the “biodiversity”, the issue of maintaining the “energy”' and its development.
Then prepare and Design Studio based in learning, and includes pre-production, production, post production, and contains four issues (air pollution, water pollution, biodiversity, energy) and that have been identified and their knowledge through their survey researchers to identify pressing environmental issues and problems in the State of Kuwait, Scales were also prepared for environmental awareness and environmental skills, be a measure of environmental awareness 24 words about issues and problems; environmental skills scale 34 words and attitude through three skills are: recognize and identify environmental problem. Organize information and environmental data. Solutions to environmental problems.
Research group consisted of 30 students in the ninth grade in middle school in the Kuwait. Search results: referred to the effectiveness of the program and had an impact on the development of environmental awareness and environmental skills for these pupils.
2016
09
01
453
477
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28059_a6a56533c624df017f3a53f0c8e9973d.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
A PROPOSAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS STUDENTS AT COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM
Abdel Aal,
Reham, R
Al Mohn,
A. H
Aqeeli,
A. A
The researchs aim to develop Environmental Responsibility towards the coastal environment among students in colleges of education in The Republic of Yemen through a proposed program. They prepare a list of issues and environmental problems associated with coastal environment through research literature found on previous studies and prepare an initial list were presented to experts and specialists, thus reaching a final list of problems with the boss, Environmental problems associated with coastal and great priority in accordance with the views instructions of the arbitrators. Then set up and program design based on the events and activities of the students in the faculties of education and several field activities to several sites related to the problems of the coastal environment through modules include program in environmental education decision.
As a measure of environmental responsibility is set towards the coastal environment, the scale of three dimensions are: Knowledge of the elements of the natural environment., be of (20) Single. Responsible environmental behavior, be of (20) Single. Towards the coastal environment, be of (20) Single.
The Research group consisted of 100 students from the Faculty of education, Faculty of Education University of Hodeidah governorate of Hodeidah. Where is the software application and measure its impact by applying a scale three dimensions of environmental responsibility on them after being exposed to the program, analyze the data and draw conclusions.
The research concluded: his proposed program effectively, and had an impact on the development of environmental responsibility towards the coastal environment to solve their problems and to maintain and develop.
2016
09
01
479
515
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28060_776cd2841daddc4a899538d516e44f36.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
A PROPOSED UNIT IN PSYCHOLOGY COURSE BASED ON THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM THEORY OF VYGOTSKY FOR DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONCEPTS AND ATTITUDES FOR GRADE TWO SECONDARY STAGE STUDENT
Ismael,
Heba, H
Abdel Fatah,
Saadia
Osman,
W. I
The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a proposed unit Psychology course based on social constructivism the theory of Vygotsky for developing environmental concepts and attitudes for grade two secondary stage students.
The study applied procedures on a sample included 70 students from the second grade secondary students (literary section), ranging from an average age of 15.5 years old. It has applied achievement test environmental concepts (by the researcher), and the proposed unit (by the researcher), a measure of environmental trends (by the researcher).
The study findings: There is statistically significant differences between the two measurements pre and post test for grades three types (remembering- understanding- application) in favor of (post) the dimensional application. There is no statistically significant differences between the two measurements pre and post to measure environmental attitudes in favor of (post) the dimensional application. There is no statistically significant difference between the two measurements Posttest and iterative test grades three types (remembering, understanding, application). There is no statistically significant difference between the two measurements and dimensional iterative to measure environmental attitudes.
2016
09
01
517
549
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28062_1f03117a808a5e4e11cd57d30712eafa.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
APROPOSED MODEL FOR ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE FOR THE PURPOSE OF MEASURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS - APPLIED STUDY
Ezzat,
F. A
Abdel Bar,
A. H
Mahdi,
K. A
El-Ashwak,
Eman, I
Interest has increased in the last quarter of the twentieth century environmental studies. As a result of the risks that are facing the environment and society. Resulting in interesting and widely mechanisms and procedures to protect the environment from the effects of pollution. Therefore, the development of modern industrial systems helped increased the degree of the mechanism to raise the ability of businesses to produce many products diversity, in addition to the presence of technological advances led to the palace in the product life cycle, requiring it by taking into account the product PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE (PLC) when accounting for the cost and budgeting. And then it should start and concentrated planning process and control costs through the stages of the product life cycle, as he must specify the price of the product before it is output as before stages, starting all stages of the life cycle, depending on the method of target cost, it should be taken into account profitability in the long term rather than set the period and therefore the producers and service providers planning attention to maximize profits through product / service life cycle.
Determined the main objective of this research to propose a model for assessing the economic to the negative effects of the product life cycle to measure the effectiveness of environmental costs, a field study on the work of employees of Kuwait firm General Construction managerial used Survey form personal interview The study has procedures for Kuwait public company for construction, and then the work of a statistical model and the relationship between environmental management system variables and cycle life of the product Construction, has been relying on the statements of the following work has been to conduct the analysis, the most important results Is the style of the measurement and analysis of the effectiveness of environmental costs approach appropriate to choose between the alternatives available to reduce pollution in Kuwait public company for construction, and environmental performance.
2016
09
01
551
568
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28063_5a45de8bfe427931df0369362381579f.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
THE IMPACT OF ETHICAL CLIMATE TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL
Al-Kholy,
S. M
Gebril,
Magda
Hany,
A. F
Azouz,
Fatma, M.
The present study attempts to identify the shortness exists in management of the intellectual capital among employees of governmental universities being represented in job satisfaction, job adaptation an integration, in addition to organizational citizenship behavior as non-concrete elements for intellectual capital management resulted in the unconcern of ethical climate among universities employees.
The study concludes the following: The main hypothesis of study is rejected (there is no significant impact between dimensions of the ethical climate and dimensions of the intellectual capital management's effectiveness) and so the branch-hypotheses; while the alternative hypothesis is approved (there is a significant impact between dimensions of the ethical climate and dimensions of the intellectual capital management's effectiveness).
The study results indicate the following: There is no significant impact between the total measurement of ethical climate and the total measurement of dimensions of the intellectual capital management. There is a direct statistical significant relationship between the total measurement of ethical climate and the total measurement of the intellectual capital management.
2016
09
01
569
593
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28064_7492589e73b2d29cc5948259023d51ef.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
RESPONSIBILITY FOR SOCIAL BURDENS OF ECONOMICAL UNITS TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TOOLS
Abdel Wahed,
F. Z
Salem,
A. M
Hewhi,
M. A
OKasha
, M. A
The In the recent period, the world phase adopted the term social responsibility, a legal obligation and an officer ethical and performance of social is not a donation or charity or assistance or donations, but the right to give the company at home and abroad, and as far as the deepening of the culture of social responsibility and as much awareness of the concept of social responsibility as far as the competitive advantage gained by the company.
Information technology tools such items that have caused a great revolution in communication and information transfer and processing of data so that we are now call this era the one village era of exchange of all other cultures and simulate the advantages and freedoms even revolted peoples of corruption, nepotism and the elevation slogans living / freedom / social justice / human dignity and was IT tools are revolutionaries gathered in the January 25, 2011. Thus, the problem of the research lies in the relationship of social responsibility and environmental waste material and societal damage to the tools of information technology and how safe disposal which puts the importance of research into the attention of the community to the implications in the future on this huge number of these remnants of technological tools and the role of social responsibility in the resolved so the research aims to shed light on the social responsibility and its importance in the treatment of damaged IT tools early detection of such damages and processed followed in order that the deductive and inductive approach in an integrated manner of their pursuit of the imposition of research which stresses the importance of social responsibility in addressing the precipitant environmental problems, particularly remnants of information technology tools through the temporal limits of 2009 to 2016 and spatial Greater Cairo through research community, which included the health sector, civil society and the funds Social Solidarity union business as users heavily to information technology tools, using a diverse set of tools and analysis through survey and comprehensive inventory of some of the samples and the use of the arithmetic mean, percentages and equivalent standard deviation to ensure the stability of the test results and measuring the validity of these tests even find search results that the social responsibility it is a significant moral effective in activating environmental policies to achieve sustainable development and the emergence of what is known as social responsibility revolutionary function on the heavy use of the tools of information technology and the role of civil society and economic units in the optimal use of information technology tools to reduce the amount of waste and pollutants, including which effect ended in a recommendation not to follow burial of the legacy iT tools what caused so damage from soil and groundwater and the loss of economic extends its impact for long periods and recommended research to track the vital session to get rid of the security of the legacy of these tools and limited quantitative her regularly and early on the national level and ministerial and cooperation under the leadership of the Ministry of State for environmental Affairs For the future of technological best.
2016
09
01
595
625
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28065_dfeec77a50fe32c58eaa4b409790a9b7.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON ORGANIZED CRIME AND DRUGS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EGYPTIAN SOCIETY
Nail,
E. E
Abd El-bast,
F. W
Abd El-Aziz,
M. A
Organized crime and illicit drug trafficking have become a direct threat to the state system. They have weakened and destroyed economic and social institutions. Political and economic changes have contributed to the increase in transnational criminal organizations, especially in the context of economic globalization and great revolution in communications and transportation as well as practicing organized crime. Hence, the term transnational organized crime has been launched and has led to emergence of serious criminal organizations at the international level which rely on the system and strategy of alliances to dominate countries, making it one of the biggest challenges, whether developed or developing. The aim of the study is to develop legislation related to organized crime and narcotics to limit its impact on the Egyptian society, by exposing the nature of the drug problem, defining the concept of legislation and organizing crime, identifying shortages in order to find out the most important modifications that can be added and identifying scientific vision round most important rules of modification in order to cut the spread of drugs, and their implications. The study focused on subjects work at drugs’ control. It consists of three hundred individuals divided as follows: (100) one hundred members of the judiciary and the Public Prosecution, and (100) one hundred police officers involved in law enforcement and combating organized crime and drugs, and (100) one hundred members of customs and borders areas as in ports and airports. The study is based on the descriptive approach that is considered as one of the most appropriate scientific curricula for the nature of the study, its objectives and its inquiries. The study used social survey for the sample whom concerned with applying and enforcing the law through questionnaires and codified interviews, in order to obtain data that can be analyzed, interpreted and distributed to answer the questions of the study and achieve its objectives.
2016
09
01
627
650
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28066_7cdde3f57942b97821b4537c856c8051.pdf
Journal of Environmental Science
1110-0826
1110-0826
2016
35
2
ACTIVATING THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN THE GIZA ZOO FOR ACHIEVING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Ahmed,
K. H
Salim,
M. S
Metwali,
Nahid, I.
There are several aspects of inconvenience and inappropriateness in dealings and attitudes of human beings with animals. There are also lots of questionings concerning the good appropriate conditions for animals' seizure or being locked in cages or in enclosed environments; and what are the guiding lines for designing management systems for animals; taking into consideration the ecological and local impacts of the management systems of animals within limits of not violating the zoological field.
This study purpose is to activate the environmental management systems in the zoo of Giza, defining also aspects of shortness in environmental planning for improving the environmental performance and assist in decision-making.
The study hypotheses demonstrate that: There is no significant correlation between activation of the administrative systems in the zoo of Giza for achieving environmental management. There is no correlation between applying the environmental management system and improvement of performance level, and improving the control supervision level. The study is concerned with evaluating the current environmental performance of the environmental management system, defining as well the shortness aspects exist in applying the environmental management system.
The study use the inductive method for preparing the theoretical framework of research, inducing as possible as can the review of literatures, Arabic and foreign references specialized in this domain of environmental management systems in zoos. The study uses the descriptive (qualitative)-analytical method through using an investigation form as the main tool of research, to be administered on workers in the Giza Zoo (224). The study limits on spatial limits embodied in the Giza Zoo and its employees (workers-administrators –veterinaries).
Results indicate the following: There is a correlation between applying the environmental management systems and improving performance level in the zoo. There is a correlation between applying the environmental management systems, the supreme administration, planning, and decision-making. There is a significant correlation between applying the environmental management systems and improving the control supervision level.
2016
09
01
651
665
https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_28070_6ea8177cb6b756aaa6ea2b208e52f91a.pdf